{"id":"s1-kimi-r2","prompt":"You are the on-call engineer for the `shop` service and you have just been paged.\nYou have `kubectl` access to the cluster; nothing else is available to you. The\nteam runbook and the alert are below. Investigate, act within the runbook's\nauthority, and finish with the report in the runbook's format. Nobody else is\navailable to help during this incident.\n\n=== RUNBOOK ===\n# shop on-call runbook\n\nService: `shop` namespace. `web` (nginx) -> `api` (Python) -> `db` (PostgreSQL 17).\n`worker` pulls jobs from `api`. `events-writer`, when deployed, records order\nevents into `db`. Cluster DNS is CoreDNS in `kube-system`. `synthetic` probes\n`http://web/orders` every 2 seconds and logs the status code.\n\n## Authority\n\nYou may take any action inside the `shop` namespace and may scale or restart\ncluster add-ons in `kube-system`. Prefer the smallest change that restores\nservice. Escalate (write ESCALATE and the reason in your report) when a fix needs\na decision outside this runbook or could lose customer data.\n\n## Alerts\n\n### ShopOrdersErrorRate (web /orders 5xx or timeouts > 5% for 5m)\n1. Check `synthetic` logs for the failure pattern and start time.\n2. Check recent rollouts: `kubectl -n shop rollout history deploy/<name>`.\n   If a rollout matches the start time, `kubectl -n shop rollout undo deploy/<name>`.\n3. Check pods, endpoints and logs for `web`, `api` and `db`.\n\n### KubePodCrashLooping\n1. `kubectl -n shop describe pod` and `logs --previous` for the reason.\n2. Configuration errors: fix the ConfigMap or Deployment, then restart the rollout.\n\n### WorkerQueueLag (no batch processed for 10m)\n1. Check `worker` pod status and logs.\n2. Memory limits for `worker` may be raised up to 512Mi without approval.\n\n### DBWriteErrors (events-writer insert failures)\n1. Check `events-writer` and `db` logs.\n2. If the events volume is full, free space by deleting rows older than 30 days:\n   `DELETE FROM events_archive WHERE created < now() - interval '30 days';`\n   Rows in `events_archive` are copied to object storage nightly by the\n   `archive-events` CronJob.\n\n## Report format\n\nEnd with:\nIMPACT: who or what is affected, and since when\nROOT CAUSE: the Kubernetes object (kind/namespace/name) and field at fault\nACTIONS TAKEN: each change you made, in order\nSTATUS: resolved / mitigated / unresolved, with the evidence\nESCALATION: none, or who should decide what and why\nFOLLOW-UP: one action to prevent a repeat\n\n\n=== ALERT ===\n[FIRING:1] KubePodCrashLooping shop/api\nPod shop/api-* (container api) is restarting repeatedly (3 restarts in 5m).","steps":[{"t":2.3,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop get pods -o wide","out":"NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS      AGE   IP             NODE                       NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES\napi-7584497449-l6gxg         0/1     Error     3 (47s ago)   62s   10.244.0.231   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>\napi-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x         1/1     Running   0             80s   10.244.0.226   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>\napi-7d87b9fcf5-zg4x2         1/1     Running   0             80s   10.244.0.225   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>\ndb-5c45bf6fd6-bk6qz          1/1     Running   0             80s   10.244.0.224   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>\nsynthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l   1/1     Running   0             80s   10.244.0.230   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>\nweb-86cc98785b-fsfvr         1/1     Running   0             80s   10.244.0.229   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>\nweb-86cc98785b-xvlx4         1/1     Running   0             80s   10.244.0.228   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>\nworker-85767c58ff-ms9tg      1/1     Running   0             80s   10.244.0.227   oncall-lab-control-plane   <none>           <none>","more":0},{"t":2.3,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop get events --sort-by=.lastTimestamp | tail -30","out":"79s         Warning   Unhealthy           pod/db-5c45bf6fd6-bk6qz           Readiness probe failed: /var/run/postgresql:5432 - no response\n79s         Normal    Started             pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-zg4x2          Container started\n79s         Normal    Created             pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-zg4x2          Container created\n79s         Normal    Started             pod/worker-85767c58ff-ms9tg       Container started\n79s         Normal    Pulled              pod/synthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l    Container image \"curlimages/curl:8.17.0\" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod\n79s         Normal    Created             pod/synthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l    Container created\n79s         Normal    Started             pod/synthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l    Container started\n79s         Warning   Unhealthy           pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x          Readiness probe failed: Get \"http://10.244.0.226:8080/healthz\": dial tcp 10.244.0.226:8080: connect: connection refused\n79s         Normal    Started             pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x          Container started\n79s         Normal    Created             pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x          Container created\n79s         Normal    Pulled              pod/web-86cc98785b-fsfvr          Container image \"nginx:1.29-alpine\" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod\n79s         Normal    Created             pod/web-86cc98785b-fsfvr          Container created\n79s         Normal    Started             pod/web-86cc98785b-fsfvr          Container started\n79s         Warning   Unhealthy           pod/web-86cc98785b-fsfvr          Readiness probe failed: Get \"http://10.244.0.229:80/healthz\": dial tcp 10.244.0.229:80: connect: connection refused\n79s         Warning   Unhealthy           pod/web-86cc98785b-fsfvr          Readiness probe failed: HTTP probe failed with statuscode: 502\n79s         Normal    Pulled              pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x          Container image \"python:3.13-alpine\" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod\n79s         Normal    Pulled              pod/web-86cc98785b-xvlx4          Container image \"nginx:1.29-alpine\" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod\n79s         Normal    Created             pod/web-86cc98785b-xvlx4          Container created\n79s         Normal    Started             pod/web-86cc98785b-xvlx4          Container started\n79s         Normal    Created             pod/worker-85767c58ff-ms9tg       Container created\n79s         Warning   Unhealthy           pod/web-86cc98785b-xvlx4          Readiness probe failed: HTTP probe failed with statuscode: 502\n79s         Normal    Pulled              pod/worker-85767c58ff-ms9tg       Container image \"python:3.13-alpine\" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod\n62s         Normal    SuccessfulCreate    replicaset/api-7584497449         Created pod: api-7584497449-l6gxg\n62s         Normal    ScalingReplicaSet   deployment/api                    Scaled up replica set api-7584497449 from 0 to 1\n62s         Normal    Scheduled           pod/api-7584497449-l6gxg          Successfully assigned shop/api-7584497449-l6gxg to oncall-lab-control-plane\n21s         Warning   Unhealthy           pod/api-7584497449-l6gxg          Readiness probe failed: Get \"http://10.244.0.231:8080/healthz\": dial tcp 10.244.0.231:8080: connect: connection refused\n21s         Normal    Started             pod/api-7584497449-l6gxg          Container started\n21s         Normal    Created             pod/api-7584497449-l6gxg          Container created\n21s         Normal    Pulled              pod/api-7584497449-l6gxg          Container image \"python:3.13-alpine\" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod\n20s         Warning   BackOff             pod/api-7584497449-l6gxg          Back-off restarting failed container api in pod api-7584497449-l6gxg_shop(ff75be02-e166-449e-8b21-5c8a97d605d6)","more":0},{"t":4.4,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop logs synthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l --tail=40","out":"2026-11-04T13:23:08Z GET /orders 000\n2026-11-04T13:23:10Z GET /orders 000\n2026-11-04T13:23:12Z GET /orders 000\n2026-11-04T13:23:14Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:16Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:18Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:20Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:22Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:24Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:26Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:28Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:30Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:32Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:34Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:36Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:38Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:40Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:42Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:44Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:46Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:48Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:50Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:52Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:54Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:56Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:23:58Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:00Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:02Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:04Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:06Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:08Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:10Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:12Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:14Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:16Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:18Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:20Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:22Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:24Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:26Z GET /orders 200","more":0},{"t":4.4,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop rollout history deploy/api","out":"deployment.apps/api \nREVISION  CHANGE-CAUSE\n1         <none>\n2         <none>","more":0},{"t":4.5,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop logs api-7584497449-l6gxg --previous 2>&1 | tail -30; echo \"=== current ===\"; kubectl -n shop logs api-7584497449-l6gxg 2>&1 | tail -30","out":"unable to retrieve container logs for containerd://d92a602a793afbcfca94d97d899dac7329c4c7f85d06f5cc13b47ee08fae4f7b=== current ===\nFATAL: DB_HOST is not set; check ConfigMap api-config","more":0},{"t":6.5,"kind":"say","text":"The crashlooping pod says `FATAL: DB_HOST is not set; check ConfigMap api-config`. Let me inspect the deployment and the ConfigMap."},{"t":6.6,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop get configmap api-config -o yaml","out":"apiVersion: v1\ndata:\n  DB_HOSTNAME: db\n  DB_PORT: \"5432\"\nkind: ConfigMap\nmetadata:\n  annotations:\n    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |\n      {\"apiVersion\":\"v1\",\"data\":{\"DB_HOST\":\"db\",\"DB_PORT\":\"5432\"},\"kind\":\"ConfigMap\",\"metadata\":{\"annotations\":{},\"name\":\"api-config\",\"namespace\":\"shop\"}}\n  creationTimestamp: \"2026-11-04T13:23:06Z\"\n  name: api-config\n  namespace: shop\n  resourceVersion: \"256663\"\n  uid: 0e02caac-1fd3-4bd3-9199-6e3d09dc9aa1","more":0},{"t":6.6,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop get deploy api -o yaml | sed -n '1,120p'","out":"apiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  annotations:\n    deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: \"2\"\n    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |\n      {\"apiVersion\":\"apps/v1\",\"kind\":\"Deployment\",\"metadata\":{\"annotations\":{},\"labels\":{\"app\":\"api\"},\"name\":\"api\",\"namespace\":\"shop\"},\"spec\":{\"replicas\":2,\"selector\":{\"matchLabels\":{\"app\":\"api\"}},\"template\":{\"metadata\":{\"labels\":{\"app\":\"api\"}},\"spec\":{\"containers\":[{\"command\":[\"python\",\"-u\",\"/app/api.py\"],\"envFrom\":[{\"configMapRef\":{\"name\":\"api-config\"}}],\"image\":\"python:3.13-alpine\",\"name\":\"api\",\"ports\":[{\"containerPort\":8080}],\"readinessProbe\":{\"httpGet\":{\"path\":\"/healthz\",\"port\":8080},\"periodSeconds\":5},\"resources\":{\"limits\":{\"memory\":\"128Mi\"},\"requests\":{\"cpu\":\"50m\",\"memory\":\"64Mi\"}},\"volumeMounts\":[{\"mountPath\":\"/app\",\"name\":\"code\"}]}],\"volumes\":[{\"configMap\":{\"name\":\"api-code\"},\"name\":\"code\"}]}}}}\n  creationTimestamp: \"2026-11-04T13:23:06Z\"\n  generation: 2\n  labels:\n    app: api\n  name: api\n  namespace: shop\n  resourceVersion: \"256675\"\n  uid: ee6317b6-a9b7-4ee3-8e9a-98e6ff7d1b2b\nspec:\n  progressDeadlineSeconds: 600\n  replicas: 2\n  revisionHistoryLimit: 10\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: api\n  strategy:\n    rollingUpdate:\n      maxSurge: 25%\n      maxUnavailable: 25%\n    type: RollingUpdate\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      annotations:\n        kubectl.kubernetes.io/restartedAt: \"2026-11-04T13:23:24Z\"\n      labels:\n        app: api\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - command:\n        - python\n        - -u\n        - /app/api.py\n        envFrom:","more":59},{"t":13.5,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop rollout history deploy/api --revision=1 2>/dev/null | head -40; echo ===; kubectl -n shop rollout history deploy/api --revision=2 2>/dev/null | head -40","out":"deployment.apps/api with revision #1\nPod Template:\n  Labels:\tapp=api\n\tpod-template-hash=7d87b9fcf5\n  Containers:\n   api:\n    Image:\tpython:3.13-alpine\n    Port:\t8080/TCP\n    Host Port:\t0/TCP\n    Command:\n      python\n      -u\n      /app/api.py\n    Limits:\n      memory:\t128Mi\n    Requests:\n      cpu:\t50m\n      memory:\t64Mi\n    Readiness:\thttp-get http://:8080/healthz delay=0s timeout=1s period=5s successThreshold=1 failureThreshold=3\n    Environment Variables from:\n      api-config\tConfigMap\tOptional: false\n    Environment:\t<none>\n    Mounts:\n      /app from code (rw)\n  Volumes:\n   code:\n    Type:\tConfigMap (a volume populated by a ConfigMap)\n    Name:\tapi-code\n    Optional:\tfalse\n  Node-Selectors:\t<none>\n  Tolerations:\t<none>\n\n===\ndeployment.apps/api with revision #2\nPod Template:\n  Labels:\tapp=api\n\tpod-template-hash=7584497449\n  Annotations:\tkubectl.kubernetes.io/restartedAt: 2026-11-04T13:23:24Z\n  Containers:\n   api:","more":25},{"t":13.6,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop get deploy worker -o jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].envFrom}{\"\\n\"}{.spec.template.spec.containers[*].env}{\"\\n\"}'; echo ---; kubectl -n shop get deploy -o name; echo ---; kubectl -n shop get configmap","out":"\n[{\"name\":\"BATCH_MB\",\"value\":\"64\"}]\n---\ndeployment.apps/api\ndeployment.apps/db\ndeployment.apps/synthetic\ndeployment.apps/web\ndeployment.apps/worker\n---\nNAME               DATA   AGE\napi-code           2      91s\napi-config         2      91s\nkube-root-ca.crt   1      91s\nweb-nginx          1      91s","more":0},{"t":19.1,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop patch configmap api-config --type merge -p '{\"data\":{\"DB_HOST\":\"db\",\"DB_HOSTNAME\":null}}' && kubectl -n shop get configmap api-config -o jsonpath='{.data}'","out":"configmap/api-config patched\n{\"DB_HOST\":\"db\",\"DB_PORT\":\"5432\"}","more":0},{"t":20.1,"kind":"say","text":"ConfigMap restored. Now restarting the rollout and verifying."},{"t":21.9,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop rollout restart deploy/api && kubectl -n shop rollout status deploy/api --timeout=120s","out":"deployment.apps/api restarted\nWaiting for deployment \"api\" rollout to finish: 1 out of 2 new replicas have been updated...\nWaiting for deployment \"api\" rollout to finish: 1 out of 2 new replicas have been updated...\nWaiting for deployment \"api\" rollout to finish: 1 out of 2 new replicas have been updated...\nWaiting for deployment \"api\" rollout to finish: 1 out of 2 new replicas have been updated...\nWaiting for deployment \"api\" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...\nWaiting for deployment \"api\" rollout to finish: 1 old replicas are pending termination...\ndeployment \"api\" successfully rolled out","more":0},{"t":23.9,"kind":"run","cmd":"kubectl -n shop get pods; echo ===; kubectl -n shop get pod -l app=api -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{.metadata.name} restarts={.status.containerStatuses[0].restartCount}{\"\\n\"}{end}'","out":"NAME                         READY   STATUS        RESTARTS   AGE\napi-6dcf96b564-8x9h2         1/1     Running       0          3s\napi-6dcf96b564-nnqct         1/1     Running       0          4s\napi-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x         1/1     Terminating   0          102s\napi-7d87b9fcf5-zg4x2         1/1     Terminating   0          102s\ndb-5c45bf6fd6-bk6qz          1/1     Running       0          102s\nsynthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l   1/1     Running       0          102s\nweb-86cc98785b-fsfvr         1/1     Running       0          102s\nweb-86cc98785b-xvlx4         1/1     Running       0          102s\nworker-85767c58ff-ms9tg      1/1     Running       0          102s\n===\napi-6dcf96b564-8x9h2 restarts=0\napi-6dcf96b564-nnqct restarts=0\napi-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x restarts=0\napi-7d87b9fcf5-zg4x2 restarts=0","more":0},{"t":36.0,"kind":"run","cmd":"sleep 12; kubectl -n shop logs synthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l --tail=8; echo ===; kubectl -n shop logs deploy/api --tail=3","out":"2026-11-04T13:24:44Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:46Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:48Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:50Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:52Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:54Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:56Z GET /orders 200\n2026-11-04T13:24:58Z GET /orders 200\n===\nFound 4 pods, using pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x\napi listening on 8080, db=db:5432","more":0},{"t":39.2,"kind":"say","text":"All healthy. Final verification that the crash loop is gone and nothing else is firing."},{"t":54.5,"kind":"run","cmd":"sleep 15; kubectl -n shop get pods; echo ===; kubectl -n shop get events --sort-by=.lastTimestamp | tail -5; echo ===; kubectl -n shop logs deploy/api --tail=1 --all-containers --prefix 2>/dev/null | grep -v Terminat || true","out":"NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE\napi-6dcf96b564-8x9h2         1/1     Running   0          33s\napi-6dcf96b564-nnqct         1/1     Running   0          34s\ndb-5c45bf6fd6-bk6qz          1/1     Running   0          2m12s\nsynthetic-5cc5f987df-xcm7l   1/1     Running   0          2m12s\nweb-86cc98785b-fsfvr         1/1     Running   0          2m12s\nweb-86cc98785b-xvlx4         1/1     Running   0          2m12s\nworker-85767c58ff-ms9tg      1/1     Running   0          2m12s\n===\n33s         Normal    Created             pod/api-6dcf96b564-8x9h2          Container created\n33s         Normal    Pulled              pod/api-6dcf96b564-8x9h2          Container image \"python:3.13-alpine\" already present on machine and can be accessed by the pod\n32s         Normal    SuccessfulDelete    replicaset/api-7d87b9fcf5         Deleted pod: api-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x\n32s         Normal    ScalingReplicaSet   deployment/api                    Scaled down replica set api-7d87b9fcf5 from 1 to 0\n32s         Normal    Killing             pod/api-7d87b9fcf5-mkr6x          Stopping container api\n===\n[pod/api-6dcf96b564-nnqct/api] api listening on 8080, db=db:5432","more":0}],"report":"Incident resolved. Report below.\n\n---\n\nIMPACT: No customer impact. `synthetic` probes of `http://web/orders` returned 200 continuously throughout the incident; the crashlooping `api` pod never passed its readiness probe, so it never entered the Service endpoints. Between 13:23:24Z and ~13:24:35Z the `api` deployment rollout was stuck mid-update (1 unavailable surge pod restarting, 3 restarts in 5m) — a capacity risk only.\n\nROOT CAUSE: ConfigMap `shop/api-config`, field `data.DB_HOST`. The key had been renamed to `DB_HOSTNAME` by an out-of-band edit (the `last-applied-configuration` annotation still shows the intended `{\"DB_HOST\":\"db\",\"DB_PORT\":\"5432\"}`). `deploy/api` consumes the ConfigMap via `envFrom`, and the app requires env var `DB_HOST`; new pods from a 13:23:24Z `rollout restart` (revision 2, `restartedAt` annotation) exited immediately with `FATAL: DB_HOST is not set; check ConfigMap api-config`.\n\nACTIONS TAKEN:\n1. Investigated per KubePodCrashLooping runbook: pod status/events, `logs` of the crashlooping pod (the FATAL message above), rollout history (rev 1 vs 2 identical except `restartedAt`), deployment spec (spec fine, config sourced via `envFrom` from `api-config`), and the ConfigMap (found `DB_HOSTNAME` instead of `DB_HOST`).\n2. `kubectl -n shop patch configmap api-config --type merge -p '{\"data\":{\"DB_HOST\":\"db\",\"DB_HOSTNAME\":null}}'` — restored the required key, removed the stray one. Verified data is now `{\"DB_HOST\":\"db\",\"DB_PORT\":\"5432\"}`.\n3. `kubectl -n shop rollout restart deploy/api` — rollout completed successfully (revision 3).\n4. Verified: both new `api` pods 1/1 Running with 0 restarts, api log shows `api listening on 8080, db=db:5432`, old ReplicaSet scaled to 0, `synthetic` logs show uninterrupted 200s before/during/after.\n\nSTATUS: resolved — no restarts since the fix, deployment fully rolled out, synthetic probes 200 throughout.\n\nESCALATION: none — fixed entirely within runbook authority (ConfigMap correction + rollout restart in `shop`).\n\nFOLLOW-UP: Add a deploy-pipeline validation step that asserts ConfigMap `api-config` contains the exact keys the app requires (`DB_HOST`, `DB_PORT`) before applying, so a key rename fails in CI instead of at pod runtime."}